Producing microbiol organic fertilizer from coffee husk and peat in DongNai

Abstract

In a recent decade, microbial organic fertilizers have come into widespread use throughout the Asian and Pacific region, replace for the old chemical one because of its environmental friendly. An agriculture by-product, coffee husk from coffee production, was used as a raw material to supply the main organic compound in fermentation process then combine with peat in Dongnai to make high quality microbial organic fertilizer. Cellulase and pectinase are the most common enzymes which have a broad application in decomposition of cellulose and pectin in organic materials. In this study, bioproducts of Aspergillus spp., Biocoffee-1 from Aspergillus niger and Biocoffee-3 from Aspergillus phoenicis, were used to produce microbial organic fertilizer by solid state fermentation. Biocoffee-3 presented the best outcome when there was only 10% bio product used to ferment but the percentage of decomposed cellulose and pectin up to 62% and 36%; compare with Biocoffee-1, it degraded 40% of cellulose and 22% of pectin amount when used 15% bio product to ferment; and only 11%& 5% of cellulose and pectin were decomposed in the condition of non-bioproduct-adding after one month of fermentation. From the result of some chemical factors such as nitrogen, potassium, phosphore... and the standard of microorganisms, we concluded that the final fertilizer reached the range of a high qualified organic fertilizer which could be used widely in farmland. This research supports a huge potential for reusing agriculture by-products to make microbial organic fertilizer for inland demand, especially in high land where the main income was from coffee production.

Keywords: Aspergillus spp., biocoffee, coffee husk, fertilizer, solid-state fermentation