Influence Of Pore Size In The Fabrication Of Pcl 3d Porous Scaffold By Particulate Leaching For Bone Tissue Engineering

Abstract

This research describes the synthesis of a three-dimensional polycaprolactone (PCL) porous scaffold via particle leaching employing a PVP blending mixture and three single porogen of sodium chloride N, sucrose S, and monosodium glutamate M. The surface morphology by SEM presented controllable pore geometries with specific sizes and shapes varied from 100–400 µm. A higher number of defined macro- and micro-pores as well as interconnected pore channels, was observed in the P80 and P90 scaffolds. As water absorption capacity indicated the interconnectivity, M-porogen scaffolds with the large pore size had the most intense color permeation and percentage of water content. Adding PVP combined interfered with the mechanical properties but stimulated high porosity, with significant structural impairment observed for the P80 scaffolds. The pore size also contributed considerably to the difference in scaffolds properties, including higher hydrophilicity, interconnectivity, permeability, and porosity level. For in vitro study, the scaffolds had no toxicity effect on cells by Resazurin assay. After seeding for one and three days, the scaffolds permitted the cells to grow normally with various viability percentages. The cells cultured on P90 were significant to P10 on the third day, representing a higher capacity for supporting cell functions. The morphological, physicochemical, and mechanical characteristics demonstrated that the PCL scaffolds of P90 were superior to the other two scaffolds as a prominent scaffolding biomaterial.