Fabrication Of Topical Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Gel Loading Vitamin C Encapsulated By Chitosan Nanoparticles For Antibacterial Performance And Reduce Inflammation

Abstract

Skin infections are a major public health concern for domesticated animals used in agriculture worldwide and people in developed countries. Infections by bacteria and the human immunodeficiency virus are more common in people with cutaneous illnesses. Moreover, evidence has been linking the inflammatory mediators generated during the host response to infection to mortality. Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria that cause clinical skin infections are among the most prevalent species, respectively, and include Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). Regardless of the patient's age, location, or environment, these are the most common bacteria in skin infections globally. Numerous earlier studies claimed that among the various inflammatory symptoms that S. aureus and E. coli display include impetiginization, abscesses, cellulitis, and wound infection. Consequently, several topical and oral medicines were released to block the inflammation issue of bacteria. Additionally, these bacteria are immune to recognized drugs due to their altered nature. Therefore, the next generation of antibiotics needs to have a broad spectrum of action inhibition against both S. aureus and E. coli; however, the patient will suffer numerous side effects if used. Hence, in this study, vitamin C will be encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs-VC) that, with expectations, the antibacterial of chitosan and antiinflammatory VC would be greatly enhanced when given by topical administration of CSNPs-VC. In addition, the CSNPs-VC will be loaded in poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) to preserve the activity of CSNPs-VC and control drug release. Oxidation is one of the inflammatory responses, so there are DPPH radicals scavenging test, hydroxyl scavenging test, and the regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) produced from lipopolysaccharide to evaluate the anti-inflammation and antioxidant characteristic of CSNPs-VC. Plus, the agar diffusion test will be performed to evaluate the CSNPs-VC antibacterial activity. According to the findings of this study, PVA load CSNPs-VC is a promising nanogel that has great promise for the treatment of inflammation and antibacteria, which are more benign than usual antibiotics that resist S.aureus and E.coli on the market.