Preliminary phytochemical screening, acute oral toxicity and anticonvulsant activity of the rhizomes of acorus gramineus soland. (A,Gramineus)

Abstract

The present of study is carried out to investigate the preliminary phytochemical properties, acute oral toxicity and anticonvulsant activity of the rhizomes of Acorus gramineus Soland. (A. gramineus). Standard methods were applied to screened phytochemicals from the methanol rhizomes extracts. The performance of acute oral toxicity study following Organization for Economic Coporation and Development (OECD) 425 guilines was run in parallel with the anticonvulsant acivity‟s evaluation of resisting pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced seizure in mice. With the dose at levels of 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg/kg body weight, the treament impact was estimated in an experimental mice model and compared with phenolbarbitol (100 mg/kg p.o) like positive control. Carbohydrates, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, phenolic compounds, anthraquinones, steroids and terpenoids are qualified in phytochemical screening. The oral median lethal dose of the extracts was estimated as upper 5000 mg/kg body weight. In PTZ-induced seizures, the extracts significantly retarded the latency of convulsant (p < 0.05) in at dose of 400 mg/kg p.o, reduced the frequency of convulsant and provided up to 100% protection against death. The findings obtained in this study suggest that the methanol extracts of A. gramineus rhizomes is dependable and high potential in anticonvulsant activity in PTZ-induced seizure in mice. Keywords: Acorus gramineus Anticonvulsant Phytochemical Acute Oral Toxicity Lethal Dose (LD50) Pentylenetetrazole Histopathological analysis