A study on the nutritional values of several commercial mushrooms grow in the southern of Viet Nam (Pleurotus ostreatus, volvariella volvacea, Lentinula edodes, Auricularia polytricha, Ganoderma Iucidum)

Abstract

Mushrooms are popular in Vietnamese daily food. This study was conducted to evaluate the nutritive values, the antioxidant activity and the total phenolic compound of five popular Vietnamese mushroom species (Pleurotus ostreatus, Volvariella volvacea, Lentinula edodes, Auricularia polytricha, Ganoderma lucidum). The nutritive values include moisture content, crude protein, crude fat, ash, total dietary fiber and soluble sugar. The moisture content of mushroom species varied from 66.7% (Ganoderma lucidum) to 90.1% (Pleurotus ostreatus), protein from 7.2% (Aricularia polytricha) to 36.5% (Volvariella volvacea), fat from 1.68% ( Auricularia polytricha) to 3%( Ganoderma lucidum), ash from 1.4% (Ganoderma lucidum) to 9% (Volvariella volvacea), total dietary fiber from 27 (g/100g) (Volvariella volvacea) to 84.8 (g/100g) (Auricularia polytricha), soluble sugar from 0.27mg/g (Ganoderma lucidum) to 12.7mg/g ( Pleurotus ostreatus). Total phenolic compounds of five commercial Vietnamese mushrooms were varied between 474.4 (µg/g) for Auricularia polytricha and 4122.7 (µg/g) for Volvariella volvacea. The highest content of phenolic compound proved for the most active in antioxidant activity assays. Therefore, the DPPH radical scavenging activities ranged between 21.1% (Aricularia polytricha) and 87.1% (Volvariella volvace). The success of this study provided basic nutrient information of five popular Vietnamese mushrooms.

Key words: Pleurotus ostreatus, Volvariella volvacea, Lentinula edodes, Auricularia polytricha, Ganoderma lucidum, nutritive value, mushroom antioxidant, mushroom basic composition.