Tissue culture of Xa Den (Ehretia asperula xoll. & Mor): Conservation and Callus formation

Abstract

Xa den (Ehretia asperula Zollinger et Moritzi) is considered a valuable medicinal herb to help prevent and support the treatment of cancer; it has the effect of reducing the size and growth of tumors and has several other uses. The application of the plant tissue culture method in the conservation and development of E.asperula is necessary to develop valuable medicinal resources of the tropics, serving the needs of improving people's health. To carry out in vitro culture, sterilization measures should be performed and, in this study, the concentration and time of Ca(ClO)2 (calcium hypochlorite) and HgCl2 (mercuric chloride) suitable for the sterilization step were determined. With 5% Ca(ClO)2 acting in 5 minutes and 0.2% HgCl2 acting in 15 minutes, the highest antiseptic effect is 35.56%. Besides, the effect of hormones on natural leaves in the process of forming callus was investigated. Using hormones are NAA, 2,4-D, compound of 2,4-D and Kinetin. The callus induction rate was 100% at 2,4-D 1 mg/L and kinetin 1 mg/L concentrations. In addition, at this concentration, the highest number of callus were produced and 20% of the callus produced were vitreous. Thus the ability of callus to synthesize compounds can be further analyzed.