Expanding the scope of amidine substrates for triazine formation of citronellal in eucalyptus citriodora essential oils

Abstract

Eucalyptus citriodora essential oil is considered as a potential product and has been attributed to various medicinal uses. Besides, triazine, a beneficial compound in antibacterial treatment, was synthesized via nucleophilic addition of aldehyde and amidine groups. In the study, Eucalyptus citriodora was extracted by the steaming method to obtain Eucalyptus citriodora essential oil. GS-MS was used to analyze the composition of essential oils. The result indicated that 83.17% of Citronellal was found in their composition. Citronellal could react with amidine substrates at 90oC for 1 hour in the presence of solvent DMSO and catalyst Na2CO3. Thin layer chromatography and column chromatography were techniques that not only helped to determine the presence of dihydro-1,3,5-triazine or triazine in the mobile phase of hexane and ethyl acetate (8:2, v/v), but also purified the product after reaction. Depending on the polarities of the product, dihydro-1,3,5-triazine was detected after the purification process. The salt of amidine that contains strong deactivating groups could be carried to a high yield of dihydro-1,3,5-triazine when it reacts with aliphatic aldehyde. Moreover, NMR spectroscopy successfully confirms the structure of dihydro-1,3,5-triazine. As a result, dihydro-1,3,5-triazine could be formed by the reaction between Citronellal and amidine substrates, which could be applied in biopharmaceuticals in the treatment of anti-bacterial properties.