Maceration Stachytarpheta Jamaicensis Extracts For Evaluating Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Properties

Abstract

The hypothesis is the antioxidant ability of Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (S.Jamaicensis) is high and the higher the concentration of antimicrobial components, the better the antibacterial ability so this study investigates the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of S.Jamaicensis. Initially, the dried leaves were macerated in 90% ethanol with a ratio of 1:20 for 24 hours. Next, total phenolic content (TPC) was measured by using Folin Ciocalteu (FC) reagent, while aluminum chloride was used to determine the total flavonoid content(TFC) at 760nm and 415nm, respectively. Total saponin content was measured by the liquid-liquid extraction method. Regarding antioxidant testing, Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated through the 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) test at 515nm. Besides, the disk diffusion method (DDM) and minimum inhibiting concentration (MIC) were applied to evaluate the antimicrobial property of the sample at three types of bacterias Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). The phytochemical screening was performed based on standard procedures. As a result, total phenolic, saponins, and flavonoid contents were calculated with 88.67 ± 1.18 (mg GAE/g extracts), 14.28 ± 1.97 (mg QE/g extracts), and 0.92 ± 0.04(g), respectively and the IC50 value was 25.18± 0.32 (ug/ml). Regarding the antimicrobial testing, extracts had weak inhibit ability at DDM. In the MIC test, 2500 ug/ml, 7500 ug/ml, and 5000 ug/ml of extracts inhibited E. coli, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa, respectively. Through the screening process, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins were present in the extracts. The present findings show that S.Jamaicensis leaves have high antioxidant ability, so they can be used as a potential source for preventing and regulating metabolic diseases, which free radical causes.