Optimization For Oil Extraction From Dried Hmong Pumpkin (Cucurbita Ficifolia) Seeds By Three Phase Partitioning Extraction With Assistance Of Microwave And Ultrasound Treatment And Evaluation Of Quality Parameters Of The Final Oil

Abstract

Hmong pumpkin (Cucurbita ficifolia) seed oil is extracted by using Three-phase portioning extraction method with the assistance of microwave and ultrasound. This study researched on the effect of microwave and ultrasound on oil yield and the quality of the final oil. Firstly, the Plackett-Burman Design was performed for screening the significance of factors affecting the oil yield. There were three most significant factors were screened out: microwave duration, microwave power and ultrasound duration. When the optimal region screening was performed, the level for each factor was screened out as follow the microwave duration (10, 20 and 30 seconds), the microwave power (400, 600 and 800 W) and ultrasound duration (40, 50 and 60 minutes). The Box Behnken Design, one of the response surface methods, was used for optimization for oil extraction. The optimal condition of the oil extraction with the microwave duration was 29.98 seconds; the microwave power was 784.68 W, and the ultrasound duration was 49.75 minutes, the optimal oil yield was 35.85%. The model obtained was significant effect to the yield of the oil with all of three independent variables significant effect. Compared to the Soxhlet, which the yield of Soxhlet was 37.52%, the oil yield was less than the Soxhlet, but the quality was higher because the Total phenolic content, Total Flavonoid content and Free radical scavenging was significantly higher. In the order hand t-butanol, solvent used for oil extraction was less toxic than n-hexane. Overall, the TPP with the assistance of microwave and ultrasound can be applied.