In Vitro Shoot-Tip Culture Of Petunia Hybrida

Abstract

Petunia hybrida has increasingly been a highly-demanding ornamental plant and a promising model for micropropagation. The goal of this study was to enhance the effectiveness of the micropropagation of shoot-tip Petunia plants with the optimum treatments. The source of explants was initially prepared in vitro on one-third Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium. According to the result of this study, the procedure of sterilisation was recorded with the optimum treatment when the seeds were sterilised with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) followed by 1.6% for a duration of 5 minutes. The survival and germination percent of seeds were 100%. For the shoot multiplication experiment, the shoot-tip was taken from in vitro explants and transferred to various media. The effects of different levels of macro ingredients in MS basal medium without plant growth regulators influenced the development of shoot-tip explants. MS with one-third macro ingredients resulted in the most regeneration of shoot-tip. One-third MS was then chosen to combine with various levels of BA (0.01 mgL-1 , 0.05 mgL-1 , 0.1 mgL-1 ). It was reported that the addition of 6-benzyladenine (BA) inhibits the growth of shoot-tip compared to media without BA. The highest shoot tips were recorded in media with BA (0.01 mgL-1 ). However, multi-shoot clusters were formed in other treatments associated with BA ranging from 0.05 to 0.1 mgL-1 . Finally, these shoots were then rooted with the supplement of auxin indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) (0.05 mgL-1 , 0.1 mgL-1 , 0.2 mgL-1 ) on one-third MS media. The highest average number of roots (35.87 roots/ explant) and longest roots were cultured on the rooting hormone-free medium. Nevertheless, it was observed that the roots associated with IAA treatments grew thicker in size and elongated more consistently in length than untreated roots. Overall, 1.6% NaOCl in 5 minutes was the most effective treatment for sterilising seeds. One-third MS had a better effect on the shoot-tip culture of Petunia. BA ranged from 0.05-0.1 mgL-1 induced more shoot formation. IAA induced shorter roots and less root number than hormone-free treatment.