Comparison Of The Antibacterial Activity Of Essential Oils From Piper Betle Leaves In Three Different Regions In Vietnam

Abstract

Piper Betle is a popular medicinal plant in Asia. Plant leaves have been used as a traditional medicine to treat various health conditions, especially topical diseases. Therefore, the objectives of my thesis are to extract essential oil, identify and compare three samples from different regions to clarify some important components having the antibacterial properties of betel leaf extract, and determine them as ingredients in developing natural products for treatment of dermatological disease. Three essential oil of Piper Betle were investigated. The chemical composition and anti-microbial activity of essential oil from leaves of Piper betel collected from three different regions in Viet Nam has been investigated. P. betel L. leaves were successfully extracted by steam distillation. The results showed that TGO has the highest yield (0.404%), which compared to HMO and DLO, which are 0.208% and 0.152%, respectively. By using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis (GC-MS), it is confirmed that the main component of P. betel L. essential oil is eugenol and chavibetol, with content up to over 40%. The GC-MS analysis indicated the presence of 19,17 and 19 chemical compounds for the Piper betle in Hoc Mon, Tien Giang, and Dak Lak essential oil, respectively. The in vitro anti-microbial activity was evaluated by the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) method. The results showed that the essential oil from betel leaves inhibited the growth of 3 microorganisms species: Pseudomonas aeruginos, C.anes, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus with highest MIC value of 7.75% between HMO and Pseudomonas aeruginos, whereas DLO displayed the same lowest MIC value of 6.25% to E.coli. Betel leaves are highly abundant and inexpensive, thus supporting their further development in manufacturing commercial products. It will be useful for researchers in respected areas and manufacturers who want to develop betel leaves-based products in cosmetics.