Evaluating the alpha-glucosidase inhibition of Artocarpus altilis Fosberg (breadfruit) leaves

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg leaf extracts on -glucosidase activity. Among the extracts tested, Ethyl Acetate extract exhibited a potential -glucosidase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 11.38 1.074 (μg/mL). In contrast, the Hexane and Methanolic extracts showed lowest inhibition with the IC50 value in turn 1,099 2.004 and 1,085 1.715 (μg/mL). Extracts were also tested for anti-oxidant activity by 1, 2- Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The E4 fraction of Ethyl Acetate extract had strongest inhibitory activity with the lowest IC50 value 25.39 1.270 (μg/mL) while E17 and E18 had low percentage inhibited DPPH with higher IC50 value 215,970 6.176 and 269,113 4.551 (μg/mL) respectively. The phytochemical analysis indicated the varied distribution of tannins, glycosides, saponins, steroids, flavonoids and alkaloid in crude extracts. The correlation between the phytochemical analysis and -glucosidase activity and DPPH assay suggests that the high content of glycosides, flavonoids and steroids compounds could be involved in exerting -glucosidase activity and DPPH inhibition. This study supports the utilisation of Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg leaf in the folk medicine for the better treatment of antidiabeties.

Keyword: Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg leaves, -glucosidase inhibition, DPPH inhibition.