Study on in vitro callus formation and division of polyscias fruticosa L.Harms

Abstract

Polyscias fruticosa L. Harms is a member of the Araliaceae family, which contains triterpenoid saponins. Because of the amount of saponin triterpen in Polyscias fruticosa is limited; it is not affordable for the need of pharmaceutical products. Therefore, callus culture is utilized to produce large quantity of Polyscias fruticosa in order to meet the demand of the market field and it also helps lower the price of the products. Thus, this research has been made to establish the protocol for callus formation and division of Polyscias fruticosa. Callus culture of Polyscias fruticosa L. Harms were established from leaf explants. Leaf explants induced callus on Murashige and Skooge (MS) medium supplemented with 2 mg/l of 2,4-D. Callus division is affected greatly by growth regulator. Callus after collecting were subculture on MS basal medium supplemented with various concentrations of 2,4-D, sucrose, coconut water, B1 and Glycine. The highest coefficient of callus division is 9.79 with 1 mg/l of 2,4-D compare with 0.5, 2 and 3 mg/l. There are no significant differences among the concentrations of sucrose, coconut water, vitamin B1 and Glycine. However, according to the morphology and quality of callus which had observed during the procces, and the saving budget purpose, it had found out that MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D 1 mg/l, sucrose 30 g/l, Coconut water 10% and Glycine 10 mg/l were the most suitable medium for efficient callus division. Keywords: Polyscias fruticosa L. Harms, callus formation, callus division, plant tissue culture, saponins. Abbreviations: 2,4-D: Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid; B1: Thiamin HCl; B5 medium: Gamborg medium; Cw: Coconut water; MS medium: Murashige and Skoog medium