Evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of polyscias fruticosa (L.) harms crude hydroethanolic extract in alloxan induced diabetic mice

Abstract

Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms belonging to the family Araliaceae is widely cultivated in Vietnam for medicinal and food purposes. Extracts of P. fruticosa leaves had antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and molluscicidal properties (Bernard et al. 1998, Asumeng Koffuor et al. 2015), as well as α-glucosidase inhibitory and antidiabetic activities (Divakar and Bensita 1998, Mai et al. 2007). This study provides scientific results on the hypoglycemic activity of Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms in order to preserve, develop and effectively exploit this source of medicinal herbs in the production of drugs with quality, safety, and reasonable prices that promote people's health. At the same time, take advantage of the rich source of medicinal herbs in Vietnam. One therapeutic approach for treating diabetes is to decrease postprandial glycemia by inhibiting enzymes responsible for carbohydrate hydrolysis, such as α-glucosidase and α-amylase as well as hypoglycemic effect in alloxan induced diabetic mice. α-amylase inhibitory activity was found at concentration from 5 to 200 µg/mL (IC50 = 24.9 ± 0.24 µg/mL) while acarbose was found at 10 to 100 µg/mL (IC50 = 74.19 ± 1.48 µg/mL). α-glucosidase inhibitory activities was found that at concentration from 200 to 1000µg/mL (IC50 = 921.47 ± 13.78 100 µg/mL) while acarbose was found at 25 to 1000 µg/mL (IC50 = 59.87 ± 5.98 µg/mL). The oral administration of P. fruticosa extract at doses ranging from 50 mg/kg to 1000 mg/kg on alloxaninduced hyperglycemic mice, given the result that at 100mg/kg the extract exhibit a 58% decrement in blood glucose level in 20 days, whilst oral administration at dose 250mg/kg has the highest hypoglycemic effect in with a 68% decrement in blood glucose level.