Study Of Saponins And Flavonoids Profiles And Antimicrobial Activity Of Codonopsis Javanica Extracts Using Soxhlet And Ultrasonic Methods

Abstract

Codonopsis javanica (Blume) Hook.f. & Thomson, commonly known as "đẳng sâm" or "Dangshen", has been used in traditional Vietnamese medicine and is a promising alternative source for Panax ginseng in pharmaceutical as well as beverage industry. This study aimed to examine the extraction efficiency, the presence of saponins and flavonoids, and the antimicrobial activity of C. javanica root extracts using soxhlet and ultrasonic methods. The result showed that the extraction efficiency given by solvents using ultrasonic method had the same results as soxhlet method. To achieve the highest yields, it was recommended to use the ultrasonic method with 50% methanol or 50% ethanol to extract C. javanica root. The LC-MS results showed the presence of flavonoid – hesperidin and saponins – lancemasides (A, C, D, E, and F) in C. javanica root extracts just as in other Codonopsis species. The C. javanica root extract using ultrasonic method with 50% methanol also performed the better results in obtaining the high number and peak area of detected saponins and flavonoids. In this study, C. javanica root extract at 10 mg/ml did not show antimicrobial activity on Escherichia coli (E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Candida albicans (C. albicans).