| dc.description.abstract | Since ancient times, cinnamon and clove essential oils have been known as stable antibacterial agents
containing components such as eugenol, cinnamaldehyde and other important compounds. Besides,
with benign plant origin, cinnamon and clove extracts also possess redox properties responsible for
antioxidant activity. After being extracted from powder, essential oils were analyzed by GC/MS for the
results of 56.40% of eugenol in clove and 92.28% of trans-Cinnamaldehyde in cinnamon. Their
antioxidant activity was evaluated based on the results of TPC and DPPH scavenging activity. The
results of TPC were 368.2069 ± 1.1945 (mg GAE/g powder extract) for clove and 26.82759 ± 1.1945
(mg GAE/g powder extract) for cinnamon. The IC50 value of clove and cinnamon were 205.4605
(uL/mL) and 257.2773 (uL/mL), respectively. Most importantly, with the aim of applying the
antibacterial properties of cinnamon and clove in the acne treatment, an in vitro evaluation was
performed on Propionibacterium acnes using the broth microdilution method and obtained impressive
MIC results wind 0.5% (v/v) for clove and 0.625% (v/v) for cinnamon. To control the amount of
essential oils used as well as expand the application of the natural compounds, full extraction of
cinnamon and clove essential oils will continue to be loaded in the nanoemulsion system using PIT the
method. The nanoemulsions were finally optimized with 20% of 7:3 mixture of surfactants Tween 80:
Span 80, Caprylic/capric triglyceride, and distilled water to find out the affection of surfactant
proportion on the stability of the products. The results after one month showed that, the higher
concentration of emulsifier, the smaller size of nanoemulsion. Nanoemulsions loaded with the essential
oils were around 100 nm in size, with PDI (under 0.2) and Zeta (-18mV to -30mV) for stability through
one month. Furthermore, nanoesmulsion loaded with the essential oils were tested the antimicrobial
activities again to confirm their abilities still working through the processes. | en_US |
