Study On The Biological Activities Of Ilex Cochinchinensis And Ilex Annamensis

Abstract

Ilex genus has been illustrating for possessing numerous medicinal treatments such as antioxidant, anti-inflammation, anti-obesity, anti-diabete, and willing to work as an antimicrobial source. The present study aims to suggest the potential pharmaceutical activities of Ilex cochinchinensis and Ilex annamensis which are still rare and lack acknowledgement. To select the extraction solvents that give the most effective bioactivity test results, several solvents were examined consisting of methanol (MeOH), methanol and water with the ratio 1:1 (M/W), and water (W) combining with maceration method. Additionally, all of them were screened for 6 bioactivities: lipase, α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and tyrosinase inhibition activity as well as antioxidant, and antibacterial ability. The leaf of both I. annamensis and I. cochinchinensis, and the branch of I. annamensis in water solvent exhibited the extremely high ability amongst 12 samples that gave over 90% in limiting the glucosidase activity, resulting in the IC50 = 21.33 ± 0.94, 27.98 ± 1.81, and 25.47 ± 0.25 ppm, respectively, which was very close to the positive control (IC50 = 16.08 ± 0.05 ppm). They were considered as the potential to produce natural α-glucosidase inhibitors. Our project may provide new natural sources for the treatment of diabetes since, besides the effect on glucosidase, our samples also express the moderate inhibitory capacity against α-amylase. Moreover, there were 2 samples that could be considered as the new herbal source for tyrosinase inhibitors which were the leaf of I. cochinchinensis with IC50 = 65.29 ± 0.99 ppm, and the branch sample of I. annamensis with IC50 = 59.90 ± 1.89 ppm. Nonetheless, for the remaining bioactivities, the samples seemed to express lower ability compared to their positive controls. Proof that all the sample extracts revealed the ability in limiting the oxidation process under 50%. Furthermore, excepting P. aeruginosa with the moderate ability that the plant extracts were resistant to, S. aureus and E. coli were recorded with very poor or no resistance activity.