Enhancing Extraction Efficiency Of Carpaine In Carica Papaya L. Leaves: Coupling Acid-Base Extraction With Surfactant-Assisted Micro-Flotation

Abstract

Carpaine, a major alkaloid in papaya leaves, exhibits considerable cardiovascular benefits alongside notable effects on muscle relaxation when utilized in medicine. In this study, coupling of acid-base extraction and flotation was developed to completely remove the use of toxic solvents. This method entails the extraction of carpaine from Carica Papaya L. leaves using hot water extraction (HWE) alongside ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE) and the condensation of the species using surfactant assisted flotation. The acid-base extraction was applied to alter the solubility of carpaine as desired at different stages of the process. The results showed that the amount of carpaine extraction yield using all the treatments in conjunction was significantly higher compared to control samples in which the acid-base extraction or flotation was not applied. The TLC and GC-FID results suggested that the bubbles introduced during the flotation were highly specific toward their interactions with carpaine in its hydrophobic complex form. The amount of carpaine obtained using a different method from previous study that utilized ethanolic extraction, in comparison to the quantity of carpaine extracted using our method, our method exhibited a 2.32 -fold greater extraction yield. This work demonstrates the importance of flexible utilization of both surface and bulk chemistry in achieving an improved solution for a technical problem.